Terminate a Managerial Employee for Loss of Trust: PH Employer Guide
A manager can be dismissed for loss of trust on a reasonable basis, but only for a willful act backed by clear facts. Managerial standard, evidence and twin-notice steps.
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Loss of Trust and Confidence as Just Cause: Elements, Evidence and Due Process
Loss of trust and confidence is a valid just cause under Article 297(c) of the Labor Code only for managerial and fiduciary rank-and-file employees, and only with a genuine, work-related act proven to the right evidentiary standard. This guide covers the two-requisite test, the two classes of trust positions, Supreme Court cases, and the due process every dismissal still requires.
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Separation Pay vs Backwages: What’s the Difference in the Philippines?
Separation pay and backwages are different labor-law remedies. Learn when each applies, how they are computed, and when an employee can receive both.
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Evidence of Constructive Dismissal: What Employees Need to Prove in the Philippines
Learn what employees must prove in a constructive dismissal case in the Philippines, which records matter, and how to organize evidence for SEnA or NLRC proceedings.
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Forced Resignation in the Philippines: When It Becomes Constructive Dismissal
A resignation is not necessarily voluntary just because an employee signed a resignation letter. Learn when forced resignation becomes constructive dismissal, what evidence matters, who bears the burden of proof, and what employees and employers should do next.
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Can an Employer Cancel a Job Offer After You Accept It in the Philippines?
A signed, accepted Philippine job offer becomes a binding contract on acceptance, per the 2025 Supreme Court ruling in Aragones v. Alltech. Learn when withdrawal is legal and what to do if yours is pulled.
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Serious Misconduct in the Philippines: Elements, Evidence, Dismissal Rules and Due Process
Learn when serious misconduct can justify dismissal under Article 297 of the Philippine Labor Code, what employers must prove, what evidence matters, and how due process works.
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Supreme Court Rulings on Burden of Proof in Illegal Dismissal Cases
Learn who must prove dismissal, valid cause and due process in Philippine illegal dismissal cases, with Supreme Court rulings and evidence checklists.
